Rostliny nekvetoucí, výtrusné (mechy, přesličky, kapradiny)

4. 11. 2008

Rostliny

a) Kvetoucí = semenné – rozmnožují semeny

b) Nekvetoucí – výtrusné – rozmnožují se výtrusy

Rostliny nekvetoucí, výtrusné

- NIKDY NEKVETOU

- ROZMNOŽUJÍ SE VÝTRUSY

Patří mezi ně: mechy (bělomech, ploník, zkrutek)
přesličky (přeslička rolní)
kapradiny (kapraď samec, osladič obecný)

Přesličky

- rostou na vlhkých místech v lesích nebo na polích

- před mnoha miliony lety dosahovaly velikosti stromů

- zuhelnatěním těchto stromovitých přesliček vzniklo uhlí

Mechy

- chrání lesní půdu před vysycháním – zadržují vodu

- rostou na nejrůznějších místech – na zemi, na tlejícím dřevě i na stromech a na skalách

- na některých z nich vyroste v létě štět s tobolkou

- ze zralé tobolky se uvolňují nové výtrusy

Kapradiny

- jsou součástí lesního podrostu, nevytvářejí však květ ani plod

- mají: kořeny, oddenek = podzemní stonek, listy

- rozmnožují se výtrusy

- na spodní straně listu se nacházejí kupky výtrusnic, ve kterých se tvoří výtrusy (drobné jako prášek)

- výtrusy se uvolňují a ve vlhkém prostředí z nich vyklíčí nová rostlina

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